Forside Nyheder Depression kan forværre ludomani
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Der er en sammenhæng mellem depression og ludomanisymptomer, det har forskere fra Center for Funktionel Integrativ Neurovidenskab ved Aarhus Universitet påvist.

Undersøgelsen er netop blevet offentliggjort i det amerikanske tidsskrift Behavioural Pharmacology.

Forskerne lavede et forsøg, hvor 20 ludomaner udfyldte spørgeskemaer, der blev brugt til at afgøre hvor mange ludomani- og depressionssymptomer, de hver især havde. Derefter skulle forsøgspersonerne spille ved en enarmet tyveknægt, mens deres adfærd blev noteret. Da de var færdige, udfyldte de endnu et spørgeskema til at afgøre graden af deres trang til at spille.

Depressionssymptomer afgørende
Det viste sig, at der var en sammenhæng mellem hvor mange ludomanisymptomer spillerne havde, og hvor hurtigt de spillede. Men ludomanisymptomerne kunne ikke fortælle noget om, hvor længe spillerne ville blive ved, eller hvor meget trang til at spille de havde.

Det var til gengæld depressionssymptomerne, der bestemte, hvor længe man spillede og hvor meget trang til at fortsætte man oplevede efterfølgende. Og det er overraskende resultater, fortæller førsteforfatter til publikationen, forskningsassistent Kristine Rømer Thomsen fra Aarhus Universitet.

»Det er interessant, fordi de depressive symptomer faktisk var bedre end ludomanisymptomerne til at forudsige adfærdsmål, som hører til ludomani. Det fortæller noget om, at det ikke altid giver mening at se på ludomani som en isoleret lidelse eller sygdom - både når vi forsker i det, og når vi behandler patienterne,« siger hun

Kristine Rømer Thomsen, der er uddannet psykolog, mener at man i dag ofte har en forkert udgangspunkt, når man behandler ludomani:

»Hvis det eneste vi fokuserer på, er at hjælpe patienten med ludomanisymptomerne, så kan det også godt være, vi kan hjælpe ham eller hende med det. Men hvis nu symptomerne på ludomani faktisk er en konsekvens af en underliggende depression, så får vi ikke fat i roden af problemet.«


Ludomani er en form for afhængighed
Jeg tror faktisk, at en stor del af ludomaner bruger spillet som en form for selvmedicinering
- Kristine Rømer Thomsen
Tidligere undersøgelser har vist, at ludomani og depression ofte går hånd i hånd, da omkring halvdelen af alle ludomaner lider af depression. Diskussionen går så ud på, hvad der kommer først - om mennesker bliver deprimerede, fordi de ikke kan styre sin spillelyst eller om de spiller for at søge flugt fra deres depression.

Set i det lys er undersøgelsen fra Aarhus Universitet et argument for, at depressionen i hvert fald har indflydelse på ludomaniens omfang.

»Jeg tror faktisk, at en stor del af ludomaner bruger spillet som en form for selvmedicinering - en måde at slippe væk fra depressionen. Det er meget midlertidig flugt, og den giver jo bare endnu større problemer,« fortæller Kristine Rømer Thomsen.

I dag plejer man at klassificere ludomani som en impulskontrolforstyrrelse i gruppe med pyromani og kleptomani. Men Kristine Rømer Thomsen mener, at ludomani burde klassificeres som en afhængighedsforstyrrelse i gruppe med narko- og alkoholafhængighed.

»Jeg opfatter ludomani som en form for afhængighedsforstyrrelse - på linje med problemer med alkohol eller stoffer.«

Kilde: Videnskab.dk, Andrey Kazenkov 19.8.2009

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